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In the last two years our work with the NanoSIMS has been
very successful. The downtime due to hardware problems went
down dramatically and with the help of our own development
efforts, we are now able to use the instrument for a large
variety of scientific studies. Several significant
discoveries in the study of presolar grains and IDPs have
been made with the NanoSIMS in the short time this
instrument has been available. This has resulted in numerous
publications from our group, including four that were
published in the journal Science (DAULTON et al., 2002;
FLOSS et al., 2004; MESSENGER et al., 2003a; NGUYEN and
ZINNER, 2004a).
Interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) are primitive
samples of extraterrestrial material with a fine-grained
heterogeneous matrix. We have used the NanoSIMS for
extensive studies of the C, N, O, Mg/Al, Si, and S isotopic
compositions of these particles on a sub-micrometer scale
(FLOSS and STADERMANN, 2003; 2004; FLOSS et al., 2004;
MESSENGER and KELLER, 2002; MESSENGER et al., 2003a; 2003b;
STADERMANN and BRADLEY, 2003). This work led to the
discovery of presolar silicates (MESSENGER et al., 2003a)
and the first observation of C isotopic anomalies in these
particles (FLOSS et al., 2004). Most recent results include
the discovery of presolar corundum in IDPs (in preparation)
and of presolar phases in Antarctic micrometeorites (in
preparation).
Combined mineralogical and isotopic studies of presolar
grains on TEM grids were used for the determination of SiC
polytype distributions (DAULTON et al., 2002; 2003) and for
the detailed characterization of high-density (CROAT et al.,
2004; STADERMANN et al., 2004a) and low-density (CROAT et
al., 2003a; 2003b; STADERMANN et al., 2002; 2003; 2004b)
presolar graphite spherules and their sub-components. The
latter project included O and Ti isotopic measurements of
100 nm sized 'presolar grains within presolar grains'.
Other lines of investigation looked at the O isotopic
compositions of presolar spinel grains (ZINNER et al.,
2002a; 2003b; 2004), as well as the C, N, and Si isotopic
compositions of small SiC and Si3N4 particles (ZINNER et
al., 2002b; 2003a). We used the multi-collection and
combined mode capabilities of the NanoSIMS for C, N, O,
Mg/Al, Si, K, Ca, and Ti isotopic studies of individual
presolar graphites (AMARI et al., 2002; 2003a; 2004) and for
C, Si, and Ti isotopic measurements in presolar SiC grains
of type X and Z (AMARI et al., 2003b).
High-resolution NanoSIMS O isotopic imaging of >70,000
densely packed oxide grains was used to identify several
hundred presolar spinel and corundum grains (NGUYEN et al.,
2003a; 2003b; 2003c). A similar imaging study of grain size
separates from Acfer 094 led to the discovery of presolar
silicate stardust in meteorites (NGUYEN and ZINNER, 2004a;
2004b).
Some development work using the St. Louis NanoSIMS has
been done in collaboration with CAMECA to quantify the aging
characteristics of the new miniaturized electron multipliers
(SLODZIAN et al., 2003) and to evaluate the 'QSA' effect
(SLODZIAN et al., 2004). NanoSIMS imaging was used for test
measurements of elemental distributions in aerosol particles
(EBERT et al., 2004).
References
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- Amari S., Nguyen A., Zinner E., and
Lewis R. S. (2002)
Multi-element isotopic analysis of presolar graphite
fraction KFA1 from the Murchison meteorite.
Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 37, A11.
- Amari S., Stadermann F. J., Zinner
E., and Lewis R. S. (2003a)
Continued study of presolar graphite from Murchison
separate KFA1.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXIV, Abstract
#1864.
- Amari S., Zinner E., Gallino R., and
Lewis C. S. (2003b)
Silicon and titanium isotopic analysis of silicon carbide
grains of type X and Z.
Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 38, A66.
- Amari S., Zinner E., and Lewis R. S.
(2004)
Comparison study of presolar graphite separates KE3 and
KFA1 from the Murchison meteorite.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXV, Abstract
#2103.
- Croat T. K., Bernatowicz T., Amari
S., Messenger S., and Stadermann F. J. (2003a)
Structural, chemical, and isotopic microanalytical
investigations of graphite from supernovae.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67,
4705-4725.
- Croat T. K., Bernatowicz T.,
Stadermann F. J., Messenger S., and Amari S. (2003b)
TEM study of internal crystals in supernova
graphites.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXIV, Abstract
#1470.
- Croat T. K., Stadermann F. J., Zinner
E., and Bernatowicz T. J. (2004)
Coordinated isotopic and TEM studies of presolar
graphites from Murchison.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXV, Abstract
#1353.
- Daulton T. L., Bernatowicz T. J.,
Lewis R. S., Messenger S., Stadermann F. J., and Amari S.
(2002)
Polytype distribution in circumstellar silicon
carbide.
Science 296, 1852-1855.
- Daulton T. L., Bernatowicz T. J.,
Lewis R. S., Messenger S., Stadermann F. J., and Amari S.
(2003)
Polytype distribution of circumstellar silicon carbide:
Microstructural characterization by transmission electron
microscopy.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67,
4743-4767.
- Ebert M., Stadermann F. J., and
Weinbruch S. (2004)
Characterization of individual aerosol particles and
sampling artefacts by NanoSIMS.
European Aerosol Conference,
submitted.
- Floss C. and Stadermann F. J.
(2003)
Complementary carbon, nitrogen and oxygen isotopic
imaging of interplanetary dust particles: Presolar grains
and an indication of a carbon isotopic anomaly.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXIV, Abstract
#1238.
- Floss C. and Stadermann F. J.
(2004)
Isotopically primitive interplanetary dust particles of
cometary origin: Evidence from nitrogen isotopic
compositions.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXV, Abstract
#1281.
- Floss C., Stadermann F. J., Bradley
J., Dai Z. R., Bajt S., and Graham G. (2004)
Carbon and nitrogen isotopic anomalies in an anhydrous
interplanetary dust particle.
Science 303, 1355-1358.
- Messenger S. and Keller L. P.
(2002)
Oxygen isotopic analyses of crystalline silicates and
oxides in interplanetary dust.
Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 37, A99.
- Messenger S., Keller L. P.,
Stadermann F. J., Walker R. M., and Zinner E. (2003a)
Samples of stars beyond the solar system: Silicate grains
in interplanetary dust.
Science 300, 105-108.
- Messenger S., Keller L. P., and
Walker R. M. (2003b)
Continued studies of stardust in IDPs.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXIV, Abstract
#1630.
- Nguyen A., Zinner E., and Lewis R. S.
(2003a)
Identification of presolar spinel grains from a Murray
residue by multi-detection raster imaging.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXIV, Abstract
#1637.
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- Nguyen A., Zinner E., and Lewis R. S.
(2003b)
Identification of small presolar oxide grains by
multi-detection isotopic raster imaging.
Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 38, A71.
- Nguyen A., Zinner E., and Lewis R. S.
(2003c)
Identification of small presolar spinel and corundum
grains by isotopic raster imaging.
Publ. Astron. Soc. Australia 20,
382-388.
- Nguyen A. N. and Zinner E.
(2004a)
Discovery of ancient silicate stardust in a
meteorite.
Science 303, 1496-1499.
- Nguyen A. N. and Zinner E.
(2004b)
Discovery of presolar silicate grains in the Acfer 094
carbonaceous chondrite.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXV, Abstract
#1675.
- Slodzian G., Hillion F., Stadermann
F. J., and Horreard F. (2003)
Oxygen isotopic measurements on the CAMECA Nanosims
50.
Applied Surface Sci. 203-204,
798-801.
- Slodzian G., Hillion F., Stadermann
F. J., and Zinner E. (2004)
QSA influences on isotopic ratio measurements.
Applied Surface Sci. 231-232,
874-877.
- Stadermann F. J., Bernatowicz T.,
Croat T. K., Zinner E., Messenger S., and Amari S.
(2002)
NanoSIMS isotopic measurements of individual TiC crystals
in a single presolar graphite grain.
Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 37,
A136.
- Stadermann F. J., Bernatowicz T.,
Croat T. K., Zinner E., Messenger S., and Amari S.
(2003)
Titanium and oxygen isotopic compositions of
sub-micrometer TiC crystals within presolar graphite.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXIV, Abstract
#1627.
- Stadermann F. J. and Bradley J. P.
(2003)
The isotopic nature of GEMS in interplanetary dust
particles.
Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 38,
A123.
- Stadermann F. J., Croat T. K., and
Bernatowicz T. (2004a)
NanoSIMS determination of carbon and oxygen isotopic
compositions of presolar graphites from the Murchison
meteorite.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXV, Abstract
#1758.
- Stadermann F. J., Croat T. K.,
Bernatowicz T. J., Amari S., Messenger S., Walker R. M.,
and Zinner E. (2004b)
Supernova graphite in the NanoSIMS: carbon, oxygen and
titanium isotopic compositions of a spherule and its TiC
sub-components.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, in press.
- Zinner E., Amari S., Guinness R., and
Jennings C. (2003a)
Si isotopic measurements of small SiC and Si3N4 grains
from the Indarch (EH4) meteorite.
Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 38, A60.
- Zinner E., Amari S., Guinness R.,
Nguyen A., and Lewis R. S. (2002a)
Abundances and oxygen isotopic compositions of presolar
spinel grains.
Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 37,
A154.
- Zinner E., Amari S., Guinness R.,
Nguyen A., Stadermann F., Walker R. M., and Lewis R. S.
(2003b)
Presolar spinel grains from the Murray and Murchison
carbonaceous chondrites.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67,
5083-5095.
- Zinner E., Amari S., Guinness R.,
Nguyen A., and Stadermann F. J. (2002b)
Isotopic compositions of small presolar dust grains.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66,
A882.
- Zinner E., Nittler L. R., Hoppe P.,
Gallino R., and Lewis R. S. (2004)
Oxygen and magnesium isotopic ratios of presolar spinel
grains.
Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXV, Abstract
#1337.
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